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GARLIC

Introduction
Garlic is being used as both food and medicine in several cultures for thousands of years, dating way back to the days when the Egyptian pyramids were constructed. In the untimely 18th-century, gravediggers of France drank compacted garlic in wine thinking that it would defend them from the epidemic that killed a lot of people in Europe. For the period of both World Wars I and II, soldiers were made to eat garlic to avoid gangrene. Today garlic is used widely to help avoid heart diseases, including atherosclerosis or contraction of the arteries, a plaque buildup in the arteries that can obstruct the flow of blood and may lead to heart attack or stroke, soaring cholesterol, soaring blood pressure, and to increase the effect immune system.

Garlic has the ability to help protect against cancer. Garlic is a relative of the Lily family and is a cousin to leeks, onions and chives. Garlic is a resilient, globular, rooted, perpetual plant with narrow flat leaves and bears little white flowers and bulbils. The complex bulb consists of 6 to 34 bulblets called cloves which are bounded by an ordinary, skinny, white or pinkish paper like sheet. Garlic has a very strong flavor, aroma and taste.


Common Names
Allium sativum is the scientific botanical name of the plant. In the common languages of India such as in Assamese it is called as Naharu; in Hindi it is called as Lasun, Lessan, Lahsun; in Bengali it is called as Rashun; in Gujarati it is called as Lasan; Kannada it is called as Bellulli; in Kashmiri it is called as Ruhan; in Malayalam it is called as Vellulli; in Marathi it is called as Lusson; in Oriya it is called as Rasuna; in Punjabi it is called as Lassan, Lasun; in Sanskrit it is called as Lashuna; in Tamil it is called as Ullipundu, Vellaippundu; in Telugu it is called as Velluri; in Urdu it is called as Lassun, Leshun.

History
A resident of central Asia, garlic is amongst the oldest cultivated plants in the entire world and has been grown for more than 5000 years. Ancient Egyptians seem to have been known as the first civilization to grow this plant which played a very important role in their civilization. Garlic was not only granted with sacred qualities and sited in the grave of Pharaohs, but it was also given as payment to the slaves who helped in building the Pyramids that enhanced their endurance and strength.

This strength enhancing value was also privileged by the ancient Greek and Roman civilizations, whose participants consumed garlic before sporting events and whose soldiers ate it before going off to war. Garlic was brought up into various regions all the way through the globe by migrating civilizing tribes and explorers. By the end of the 6th century BC, garlic was well known both in China and India but the second country using it for beneficial purposes. All through the millennia, garlic has been a much adored plant in a lot of cultures for both its culinary and therapeutic properties. Over the past few years, it has achieved an unprecedented reputation since researchers have been technically validating its plentiful health benefits. Currently, South Korea, India, China, Spain and the United States are amongst the peak profit-making producers of garlic.

Nutritional Values
The sulfur composites in garlic are perhaps the most unique nutrient it contains. There are plainly dozens of well known sulfur molecules in garlic, and almost all of them have been proven to do the job as an antioxidant. In addition to these, many offer us with anti-inflammatory reimbursement. The very occurrence of sulfur in so many diverse garlic compounds may also play a very important role in human sustenance. Moreover, garlic is an exceptional resource of manganese. It is also a first-class source of vitamin B6 and vitamin C. In addition to all these, garlic is an excellent source of thiamin commonly called as vitamin B1 as well as the minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, selenium, and copper.

Uses
Cooking
Garlic can be eaten uncooked or cooked. Small and large, whether uncooked or cooked, garlic comprises the necessary foundation for a lot of preparations, ranging from a meager cold condiment to a complicated hot sauce. A garlic clove can be used as a whole, severed into pieces, sliced thin, or finely chopped. It depends on how obvious one wants its occurrence to be in the cooked dish. The rule of the thumb is that the better the garlic is chopped and the darker it is permitted to be in the process of cooking, the sharper flavor it will give. Hence, judicious use of garlic is advised.

Garlic should never be allowed to overwhelm the flavor of the components in any specified sauce. A green sprout grows in the center of the clove of the old garlic. Always slice out the sprout to evade any bitter after taste in the dish. It's an excellent practice not to abscond the stove when sautéing the garlic. Burned garlic is extremely bitter and hard to digest, as a result,the whole sauce is irremediably blemished.

Medicine
Garlic behaves as an antiseptic and helps out in curing the injuries very quickly. One of the main health benefit of garlic is that it helps in combating against a variety of infections and acts in opposition to irritation and virus. To get rid of colds, coughs try adding up a newly cut raw clove to food thrice a day or take Kyolic garlic tablets but uncooked is always best preferred. Indefinite studies conducted in China have proved that it contains chemicals that thwart cancer. They propose that consuming garlic on a habitual basis provides some defense against cancer.

Brand new or cooked garlic or 500mg garlic capsules twice a day helps in bringing down levels the blood pressure and cardiovascular problems. It boosts the levels of thick density lipoproteins and decreases the level of harmful cholesterol in the blood and keeps arteries and heart in good physical shape. The researchers recommend a daily dosage of unsullied garlic of about 4 gm, correspondent to one or two little cloves for each and every one who wants to keep themself healthy.

Garlic Cultivation in India